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eir perennial nature reduces the need for annual replanting, minimizing soil disturbance. Furthermore, their attractiveness to pollinators supports urban biodiversity initiatives. However, environmental challenges arise when

steps: DC Power Supply: Provides a steady DC voltage source. Switching Control: The control circuitry generates switching signals (via PWM or other methods). Pulse Generation: Switches (transistors) turn on and off alternately, creating a pulsating voltage. Inversion Process