different stations. The process includes: Collecting Seismic Data: Recording the arrival times of primary (P) and secondary 1. (S) waves at three or more seismic stations. Calculating Time Differences: Determining the difference between S-wave an
ves at multiple stations 1. Calculating the S-P time interval for each station 2. Using travel-time graphs or formulas to convert the S-P interval into distance 3. Drawing circles around each station on a map using the calculated distances
the earthquake’s magnitude, depth, and potential impact. This comprehensive approach is crucial for issuing warnings and mobilizing aid. The lab activity, therefore, serves as an introductory step toward more advanced seismic studies. Incorporating Technology in the Lab Many modern earthquak
eneous Structure Seismic wave velocities vary based on rock type, temperature, and other geological factors. Simplified travel-time tables used in educational activities are approximations and may not fully capture local heterogeneities, in
